Here is the Northern Arapaho Flag Song again. In the second line, notice that the word hono’ ‘sky’ has a special ending -u’ on it. This ending makes the word mean ‘in the sky,’ as the translation shows.

 

neito'eino' hii-noohoot-owu'	My relatives, look at it,
he-niiwohoen-in hono'-u'	Our flag up in the sky.
honouute', nonoh'oobeese-'	It is hanging there, blowing in the breeze.

 

Arapaho nouns often have a suffix added that is called the locative suffix, and it indicates that something is "at" or "near" or "on" the noun. Examples are:

 

bóoó	road
hééntoonoo bóoóne'	I am in/on the road.

nec	water
coowóu'oonoo necí'	I am swimming in the water.

nonóóhowóu'u betéíwo hité3ibííbe'

I see the fleas on his dog.

 

The locative ending is: -e' or -i' (which can turn into -u' due to vowel harmony, as in the Flag Song).

 

 

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Continue on to Lesson Twenty-Four