"AMR-UMR-91-rolesets" Rolesets

be-destined-for

be-destined-for.91 - reification of :destination

For AMR annotations.
Reification added to support AMR annotations.

Aliases:

be-destined (v.)
be-destined-for (v.)
have-destination (v.)

Roles:

ARG1-PPT: entity
ARG2-GOL: destination

off to

am .

        (o / off-09
            :ARG1 (i / i)
            :ARG2 (c / city :name (n / name :op1 "Atlanta")))

be-from

be-from.91 - reification of :source

For AMR annotations.
Reification added to support AMR annotations.

Aliases:

be-from (v.)
have-source (v.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: entity
ARG2-VSP: source

from Ipanema

is .

        (b / be-from-91
            :ARG1 (g / girl)
            :ARG2 (c / city :name (n / name :op1 "Ipanema")))

be-located-at

be-located-at.91 - reification of :location

For AMR annotations.

Aliases:

have-location (m.)
be-located-at (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-PPT: entity
ARG2-LOC: location

not here

be-polite

be-polite.91 - reification of :polite.

For AMR, UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: same roleset, same usage.

Aliases:

be-polite (m.)
have-polite (m.)
have-politeness (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: entity
ARG2-VSP: value (typical value: +)

reification of English sentence

! [UMR: ]

        (g / go-02 :mode imperative
            :ARG0 (y / you)
            :ARG1-of (b / be-polite-91
                :ARG2 +))

be-temporally-at

be-temporally-at.91 - reification of :time in AMR

For AMR annotations.

Aliases:

be-temporally-at (m.)
have-temporal (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: event
ARG2-TMP: time

on Saturday

is .

        (b / be-temporally-at-91
            :ARG1 (p / party
                :place (b2 / beach))
            :ARG2 (d / date-entity 
                :weekday "Saturday"))

belong

belong.91 - for nonprototypical clauses: predicative possession

For UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: belong-01 in AMR has ARG0/ARG1, which is shifted here to ARG1/ARG2. Belong-01 will still be used in English AMR for lemma-specific instances.

Aliases:

be (v.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: possession
ARG2-VSP: possessor

English: copular clause with possessive pronoun

The dog is his .

binding-affinity

binding-affinity.91 - quantification of how strong molecules bind to each other

Normalize Kd to dissociation-constant.
Normalize Ki to inhibitor-constant.
Typical usage: bind-01 :ARG4 binding-affinity-91
Typical values for binding-affinity-91 :ARG1 include: acid-dissociation-constant (Ka), affinity-constant (Ka), dissociation-constant (Kd), inhibitor-constant (Ki), michaelis-constant (Km), power-of-dissociation-constant (pKd), power-of-inhibitor-constant (pKi)

Aliases:

binding-affinity (n.)

Roles:

ARG1-PPT: binding affinity constant measured (e.g. dissociation-constant (Kd), inhibitor-constant (Ki))
ARG2-PRD: binding affinity quantity (e.g. concentration-quantity such as '5 nanomolar')

Kd

Gefitinib binds wild - type EGFR kinase with =

        (b / bind-01 
            :ARG1 (s / small-molecule :wiki "Gefitinib" :name (n / name :op1 "gefitinib")) 
            :ARG2 (k / kinase :wiki "Epidermal_growth_factor_receptor" :name (n2 / name :op1 "EGFR") 
                :mod (w / wild-type)) 
            :ARG4 (b2 / binding-affinity-91 
                :ARG1 (d / dissociation-constant) 
                :ARG2 (c / concentration-quantity :quant 53.5 
                    :unit (n3 / nanomolar))))

Ki

TKI258 binds tightly to the FGFR1 V561 M ( Ki ~ nM ) .

        (b / bind-01 
            :ARG1 (s / small-molecule :wiki - :name (n / name :op1 "TKI258")) 
            :ARG2 (e / enzyme :wiki "Fibroblast_growth_factor_receptor_1" :name (n2 / name :op1 "FGFR1") 
                :ARG1-of (k / knock-down-02) 
                :ARG2-of (m / mutate-01 
                    :value "V561M")) 
            :ARG4 (b2 / binding-affinity-91 
                :ARG1 (i2 / inhibitor-constant) 
                :ARG2 (a / approximately 
                    :op1 (c / concentration-quantity 
                        :quant 35 
                        :unit (n3 / nanomolar)))) 
            :ARG4 (t / tight-05))

but

but.91 - discourse relation for contrastive events underspecified for (un)expectedness

For UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: but-91 is generic for pure-contrast/unexpected-co-occurrence in the discourse relation lattice. It may cover some of what contrast-01 was used for in AMR (no arg changes), but maybe be quite infrequent in English.

Aliases:

but (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: first event
ARG2-VSP: second event

byline

byline.91 - for byline information

For AMR, UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: same roleset, same usage.

Aliases:

byline (n.)
by-line (n.)
dateline (n.)
date-line (n.)

Roles:

ARG0-VSP: news organization
ARG1-VSP: author
ARG2-VSP: photographer, illustrator
ARG3-VSP: translator
ARG4-VSP: means

Xinhua byline

, , , by ( )

        (b / byline-91
            :ARG0 (o / organization :name (n / name :op1 "Xinhua" :op2 "New" :op3 "Agency"))
            :ARG1 (a / and
                :op1 (p / person :name (n2 / name :op1 "Jinhu" :op2 "Xie"))
                :op2 (p2 / person :name (n3 / name :op1 "Chijian" :op2 "Zhang"))
                :ARG0-of (r / report-01))
            :ARG4 (w / wire)
            :time (d / date-entity :month 2 :date 10)
            :location (c / city :name (n4 / name :op1 "Shanghai")))

cite

cite.91 - for citations

For UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: Lemma-specific cite-01 was used in AMR, but in order to get the arguments to fit, additional intermediate nodes between the cited text and the cite-01 predicate had to be included: ([cited-text] :ARG1-of (a / attest-01 *or* d / describe-01 :ARG0 (p / publication :ARG1-of (c / cite-01 [...])))) This has been streamlined for UMR by reworking the arguments-- ARG1 is now the cited text, and arg2 is the publication cited.

Aliases:

Roles:

ARG1-PPT: text accompanied by a citation
ARG2-SRC: source publication (may use publication-91)

correlate

correlate.91 - for the X-er the Y-er constructions

For AMR, UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: same roleset, same usage.

Aliases:

the_Xer_the_Yer (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: first item in correlation
ARG2-VSP: second item in correlation

the Xer the Yer

, .

        (c / correlate-91
            :ARG1 (h / have-degree-91
                :ARG1 (p / price)
                :ARG2 (l / low-04)
                :ARG3 (m / more))
            :ARG2 (h2 / have-quant-91
                :ARG1 (t / thing
                    :ARG1-of (s / sell-01
                        :ARG0 (y / you)))
                :ARG3 (m2 / more)))

contrast

contrast.91 - discourse relation: for pure contrast

For UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: This roleset is identical to contrast-01 used in AMR, just renamed with -91.

Aliases:

but (c.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: first item in comparison
ARG2-VSP: second item in comparison

not unexpected cooccurrence

, .

course

course.91 - for school course enrollment information

For AMR, UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: same roleset, same usage.

Aliases:

course (n.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: topic
ARG2-VSP: number
ARG3-VSP: section
ARG4-VSP: institution
ARG5-VSP: instructor

Economy 101

He enrolled in at .

        (e / enroll-01
            :ARG1 (h / he)
            :ARG2 (c / course-91
                :ARG1 (e2 / economy)
                :ARG2 101
                :ARG4 (u / university :name (n / name :op1 "Harvard"))))

distribution-range

distribution-range.91 - distribution range (incl. for a normal distribution)

For AMR, UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: same roleset, same usage.

Aliases:

distribution-range (m.)
distribution (n.)
range (n.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: center, mean
ARG2-VSP: lower bound
ARG3-VSP: upper bound
ARG4-VSP: radius, distance from center to bounds
ARG5-VSP: confidence that value is in range, typically a percentage, e.g. 95%
ARG6-VSP: deviation covered by range, e.g. standard-deviation, standard-error-of-the-mean
ARG7-VSP: type of distribution, e.g. normal-distribution

center and radius

        (d / distribution-range-91 
            :ARG1 (c / concentration-quantity :quant 142.0 
                :unit (n / nanomolar)) 
            :ARG4 (c2 / concentration-quantity :quant 15.7 
                :unit (n2 / nanomolar)))

center and bounds

a of - ( being the average )

        (d / distribution-range-91 
            :ARG1 (p / percentage-entity :value 17.7) 
            :ARG2 (p2 / percentage-entity :value 16.4) 
            :ARG3 (p3 / percentage-entity :value 19))

with confidence percentage

With confidence , - of voters will for John Smith .

        (i2 / include-91 
            :ARG1 (p / person 
                :ARG0-of (v / vote-01 
                    :ARG1 (p2 / person :name (n / name :op1 "John" :op2 "Smith")))) 
            :ARG2 (p3 / person 
                :ARG0-of (v2 / vote-01)) 
            :ARG3 (d / distribution-range-91 
                :ARG2 (p4 / percentage-entity :value 42) 
                :ARG3 (p5 / percentage-entity :value 45) 
                :ARG5 (p6 / percentage-entity :value 95)))

with standard-deviation

The gestational was determined to be ± .

        (d / determine-01 
            :ARG1 (a / age-01
                :ARG1 (p / person 
                    :ARG1-of (g / gestate-01)) 
                :ARG2 (d2 / distribution-range-91 
                    :ARG1 (t / temporal-quantity :quant 28.5 
                        :unit (w / week)) 
                    :ARG4 (t2 / temporal-quantity :quant 10 
                        :unit (d3 / day)) 
                    :ARG6 (p2 / product-of :op1 2 
                        :op2 (s / standard-deviation)))))

with standard-error-of-the-mean

± ( ± )

        (d / distribution-range-91 
            :ARG1 (p / percentage-entity :value 65) 
            :ARG4 (p2 / percentage-entity :value 3) 
            :ARG6 (s / standard-error-of-the-mean))

emit_sound

emit_sound.91 - for transcription of noises that occur outside of quotative predicates

For UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: AMR provided (s / string-entity), but no abstract roleset for use when no quotative verb appears in connection with the noise transcription.

Aliases:

sound (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-PAG: entity emitting sound
ARG2-PPT: the sound (may use (s / string-entity))

sound emission

What do you call those little ... um ... paddleball ? You know , with the ball on a string ? .

exist

exist.91 - nonprototypical clauses: for thetic location

For UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: AMR used the :location/:location-of roles or their reification, be-located-at-91, for these. This roleset is not the same as exist-01.

Aliases:

be (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-LOC: location
ARG2-PPT: entity

thetic location

was

Chinese example

并且还有很多高层的人物哦！

gesture

gesture.91 - a preliminary roleset for incorporating gestures into multimodal UMR graphs

For UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: No handling of multimodal gestures in AMR 2019. This roleset is preliminary, needed to handle certain instances in the Pear Story for the UMR release. Will likely be updated/replaced as we work on the official schema for multimodal UMR.

Aliases:

{gesture} (m.)

Roles:

ARG0-PAG: gesturer
ARG1-PPT: the gesture
ARG2-GOL: audience

ELAN transcription with gesture reference

And he goes ... { }

have

have.91 - reification of :poss; nonprototypical clause: thetic possession

For UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: This roleset replaces have-03 as the reification for :poss in UMR. Argument numbers have been shifted from 0/1 to 1/2. have-03 is still to be used for English in lemma-specific cases.

Aliases:

's (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: possessor
ARG2-VSP: possession

English: reification of :poss

Kukuma example

have-actor

have-actor.91 - reification of :actor

For UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: This is a new reification for a new role; neither existed in AMR, as these roles were included as numbered arguments in PropBank rolesets.

Aliases:

have-actor (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: event
ARG2-PAG: actor

reified version of a standard English sentence

have-affectee

have-affectee.91 - reification of :affectee

For UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: UMR replaces :beneficiary with :affectee, which includes maleficiaries in addition to beneficiaries. For reification, UMR introduces this new roleset which is to be used instead of benefit-01. Benefit-01 had a different argument structure (ARG0-giver, ARG1-benefactive).

Aliases:

have-affectee (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: event
ARG2-GOL: affectee

reified version of an English sentence

for .

reified version of a Falam Chin sentence

have-age

have-age.91 - reification of :age

For UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: This replaces age-01 as the reification of :age. Age-01 is Aspectually different from this role/roleset and contains an extra Arg0-agent that does not apply here. Args 1 and 2 are the same here as in the old roleset.

Aliases:

have-age (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: entity
ARG2-VSP: age

Formerly annotated as age-01

have-apprehensive

have-apprehensive.91 - reification of :apprehensive

For UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: This roleset is new. It covers cases where there are 2 mutually exclusive events and one is carried out with the aim of preventing the other.

Aliases:

have-apprehensive (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: main event
ARG2-VSP: apprehensive event

reified English example

Grab a stick .

have-cause

have-cause.91 - reification of :cause

For UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: :cause was used in AMR as well, but in UMR, what was previously covered by :cause has been split into :cause and :reason. have-cause-91 is now the reification for :cause, and have-reason-91 is now the reification for :reason. Argument structure has been shifted from 0/1 to 1/2 compared to cause-01. Lemma-specific uses ('caused', etc) should still be annotated in English with cause-01.

Aliases:

have-cause (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: event
ARG2-CAU: cause

reification of :cause

Causal argument fragment

have-causer

have-causer.91 - reification of :causer

For UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: This is a new reification for a new role; neither existed in AMR, as these roles were included as numbered arguments in PropBank rolesets.

Aliases:

have-causer (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: event
ARG2-PAG: causer

Reified version of a Kukama sentence

Reified version of an English sentence

forbade .

have-companion

have-companion.91 - reification of :companion

For UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: Accompany-01 was used to reify :accompanier in AMR. :companion replaces :accompanier in UMR and has slightly different boundaries: :companion is limited to animate entities, while :accompanier was not. Have-companion-91 is a new roleset, not just a new name for accompany-01. The annotation strategy is also different, as have-companion-91 includes 2 arguments-- one for the modified event, and one for the accompanier. AMR modified the event with :manner (a / accompany-01 :ARG0-accompanier :ARG1-companion).

Aliases:

have-companion (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: event
ARG2-VSP: accompanier

Sentence fragment

have-concession

have-concession.91 - reification of :concession

For AMR, UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: same roleset as in AMR, but its coverage is split in UMR between have-concession-91 and have-concessive-condition-91.

Aliases:

have-concession (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: main event
ARG2-VSP: concession

although it rained

        (h / have-concession-91
            :ARG1 (c / continue-01
                :ARG1 (g / gaming-02))
            :ARG2 (r / rain-01))

have-concessive-condition

have-concessive-condition.91 - reification of :concessive-condition

For UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: new roleset, covers cases where there is an underlying expectation that the conditioning event may not lead to the consequent event.

Aliases:

have-concessive-condition (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: main event
ARG2-VSP: concessive condition

Concessive

, .

have-condition

have-condition.91 - reification of :condition

For AMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: same roleset.

Aliases:

have-condition (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: main event
ARG2-VSP: condition

if it rains

        (h / have-condition-91
            :ARG1 (c / cancel-01
                :ARG1 (g / gaming-02))
            :ARG2 (r / rain-01))

have-degree

have-degree.91 - reification of :degree (in AMR), and used for comparatives and degree-based result constructions (AMR/UMR)

For AMR, UMR annotations. Do not use this frame for intensifiers and downtoners (e.g. very tall, a little sad).
comparison to AMR-2019: same roleset, same usage.

Aliases:

have-degree (m.)
have-comparison (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-ADV: domain, entity characterized by attribute (e.g. girl)
ARG2-PPT: attribute (e.g. tall)
ARG3-EXT: degree itself (e.g. more, most, less, least, times, equal, enough, too, so, to-the-point, at-least)
ARG4-PPT: compared-to
ARG5-PRD: superlative, reference to superset
ARG6-PRD: reference, threshold of sufficiency

basic comparative

The girl is taller than the boy .

        (h / have-degree-91
            :ARG1 (g / girl)
            :ARG2 (t / tall)
            :ARG3 (m / more)
            :ARG4 (b / boy))

'as X as' construction example

. [ ]

        (h / have-degree-91
            :ARG1 (r / run-02
                :ARG1 (h2 / he))
            :ARG2 (f / fast)
            :ARG3 (e / equal)
            :ARG4 (l / lightning))

polarity examples, with arg6 consequence

It is reach any conclusion as to the motive and identity of the attackers .

        (h / have-degree-91
            :ARG2 (e / early-01)
            :ARG3 (t / too)
            :ARG6 (c / conclude-01
                :ARG2 (a / and
                    :op1 (t2 / thing
                        :ARG0-of (m / motivate-01
                            :ARG1 (p / person
                                :ARG0-of (a / attack-01))))
                    :op2 (i / identity
                        :poss p))))

superlative example, implicit superset made explicit in AMR

She works for UBS , the biggest [UMR: ] .

        (w / work-01
            :ARG0 (s / she)
            :ARG2 (o / organization :name (n / name :op1 "USB")
                :domain (b / bank
                    :ARG1-of (h / have-degree-91
                        :ARG2 (b2 / big)
                        :ARG3 (m / most)
                        :ARG5 (b3 / bank
                            :location (c / country :name (n2 / name :op1 "Switzerland")))))))

another superlative, implicit superset made explicit in AMR

the

        (g / girl
            :ARG1-of (h / have-degree-91
                :ARG2 (i / intelligent)
                :ARG3 (m / most)
                :ARG5 (g2 / girl
                    :ARG0-of (h2 / have-org-role-91
                        :ARG1 (t / team)))))

measurable degrees, see guidelines/dict for guidance on distinguishing from have-quant-91

was far higher [UMR: ] , the researchers said .

        (s / say-01
            :ARG0 (p / person
                :ARG0-of (r / research-01))
            :ARG1 (h / have-degree-91
                :ARG1 (t / thing
                    :ARG2-of (d / die-01
                        :ARG0-of (c2 / cause-01
                            :ARG1 (o / or
                                :op1 (m / mesothelioma
                                    ARG1-of (m2 / malignant-01))
                                :op2 (c / cancer-03
                                    :location (l / lung))
                                :op3 (a / asbestos))))
                    :ARG1-of (t3 / total-01
                        :ARG2 18))
                :ARG2 (h2 / high-02)
                :ARG3 (m3 / more)
                :ARG4 (t2 / thing
                    :ARG1-of (e / expect-01))))

have-degree.92 - reification of :degree for intensifiers/dowtoners/equals

comparison to AMR-2019: same roleset, but in UMR, the values for ARG2 are limited to 'intensifier', 'downtoner', and 'equal'.

Aliases:

have-degree (m.)
have-downtoner (m.)
have-intensifier (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-ADJ: attribute (e.g. tall)
ARG2-VSP: 'Intensifier', 'Downtoner', or 'Equal'

intensifier

I know that he is of . [UMR: ]

        (k / know-01
            :ARG0 (i / i)
            :ARG1 (h / have-degree-92
                :ARG1 (i / intelligent-01
                    :ARG1 (h / he))
                :ARG2 Intensifier))

have-degree-of-resemblance

have-degree-of-resemblance.91 - Comparison of competing resemblances; for constructions such as 'X is more like Y than Z'

Aliases:

have-degree-of-resemblance (v.)
be-more-like (v.)
more-like (v.)
more-like-x-than-y (v.)

Roles:

ARG1-PPT: Thing resembling things
ARG2-PPT: First resemblance under comparison
ARG3-PPT: Second resemblance under comparison
ARG4-EXT: Degree word comparing ARG2 to ARG3

degree of resemblance with explicit event

        (h / have-degree-of-resemblance-91 
            :ARG1 (d / dance-01 
                :ARG0 (t / they)) 
            :ARG2 (d2 / dance-01 
                :ARG0 (n / native 
                    :location (h2 / here))) 
            :ARG3 (d3 / dance-01 
                :ARG0 (p / person 
                    :ARG1-of (n2 / normal-02))) 
            :ARG4 (m / more))

entity arg1

        (h / have-degree-of-resemblance-91 
            :ARG1 (h2 / he) 
            :ARG2 (p / person :wiki "Neil_Bush" :name (n / name :op1 "Neil") 
                :ARG0-of (h3 / have-rel-role-91 
                    :ARG1 h2 
                    :ARG2 (b / brother))) 
            :ARG3 (p2 / person 
                :ARG0-of (h4 / have-rel-role-91 
                    :ARG1 h2 
                    :ARG2 (f / father))) 
            :ARG4 (m / more))

adjectival

And the city decided to .

        (a / and 
            :op2 (d / decide-01 
                :ARG0 (c / city) 
                :ARG1 (h / have-degree-of-resemblance-91 
                    :ARG1 (t / treat-01 
                        :ARG0 c 
                        :ARG1 (g / guest 
                            :poss c)) 
                    :ARG2 (t2 / treat-01 
                        :ARG1 (o / or 
                            :op1 (r / royalty) 
                            :op2 (s / star 
                                :mod (r2 / rock)))) 
                    :ARG3 (t3 / treat-01 
                        :ARG1 (p / person 
                            :ARG0-of (o2 / own-01 
                                :ARG1 (f / factory)))) 
                    :ARG4 (m / more))))

have-direction

have-direction.91 - reification for :direction

HAVE DIRECTION NOTES: Added for SpatialAMR.
comparison to AMR-2019: standard AMR never created a roleset for :direction, but if they had, it would have looked just like this.

Aliases:

have-direction (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: entity/event
ARG2-DIR: direction

reified English sentence

Move that block .

        (m / move-01 :mode Imperative
            :ARG0 (y / you)
            :ARG1 (b / block
                :mod (t / that)))
            :ARG1-of (h / have-direction-91
                :ARG2 (w / way
                    :ARG1-of (o / other-01))))

have-duration

have-duration.91 - reification of :duration

For UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: This replaces last-01 as a reification of :duration in UMR. The argument structure and annotation strategies are identical.

Aliases:

have-duration (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: thing that lasts
ARG2-TMP: period of time

Reification of English Sentence

have-example

have-example.91 - reification of :example

For UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: replaces exemplify-01 as the reification for :example. Argument structure has been shifted from 0/1 to 1/2.

Aliases:

have-example (m.)
for_example (m.)
for_instance (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: example
ARG2-VSP: of what

example fragment

For example , .

have-experience

have-experience.91 - for reifiying experiential phenomena

For UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: This is a new roleset.

Aliases:

have-experience (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-PAG: experiencer
ARG2-PPT: the experience itself
ARG3-CAU: stimulus

clausal experience without lemma-specific roleset

I 'm all verklempt .

'to them, X'

, .

have-experiencer

have-experiencer.91 - reification of :experiencer

For UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: This is a new reification for a new role; neither existed in AMR, as these roles were included as numbered arguments in PropBank rolesets.

Aliases:

have-experiencer (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: event
ARG2-PAG: experiencer

reified version of an English sentence

have-extent

have-extent.91 - reification of :extent

For AMR, UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: same roleset, same usage.

Aliases:

have-extent (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: event/entity
ARG2-EXT: extent

long trip

I 'm driving across Canada ; .

        (d / drive-01
            :ARG0 (i / i)
            :ARG1 (a / across
                :op1 (c / country :name (s1n / name :op1 "Canada")))
            :ARG1-of (h / have-extent-91
                :ARG2 (s / sum-of
                    :op1 (d / distance-quantity
                        :quant 2500
                        :unit (m / mile))
                    :op2 (d2 / distance-quantity
                        :ARG2-of (c2 / count-01)))))

have-frequency

have-frequency.91 - reification of :frequency

For AMR, UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: same roleset, same usage.

Aliases:

have-frequency (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-PPT: entity
ARG2-TMP: frequency

earthquakes

In Germany , .

        (h / have-frequency-91
            :ARG1 (e / earthquake-02
                :place (c / country :name (n / name :op1 "Germany")))
            :ARG2 (r / rare))

reified English sentence

        (g / go-02
            :ARG0 (i / i)
            :ARG4 (g / gym)
            :ARG1-of (h / have-frequency-91
                :ARG2 (r / rate-entity-91
                    :ARG3 (t / temporal-quantity
                        :quant 2
                        :unit (w / week))
                    :ARG4 (d / date-entity
                        :weekday (w2 / wednesday)))))

have-force

have-force.91 - reification of :force

For UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: This is a new reification for a new role; neither existed in AMR, as these roles were included as numbered arguments in PropBank rolesets.

Aliases:

have-force (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: event
ARG2-CAU: force

Reified version of an English sentence

have-goal

have-goal.91 - reification of :goal

For UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: AMR used :destination for end points and recipients; UMR splits those into :goal and :recipient. The old reification was be-destined-for-91, the new reifications are have-goal-91 and have-recipient-91. Argument structure preserved.

Aliases:

have-goal (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: entity in motion
ARG2-GOL: goal

Batmobile; elided motion predicate

have-group

have-group.91 - reification of :group

For UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: The old AMR role :consist-of has been split with some of its coverage being funnelled into :group and some being funnelled into :material. The reification for :consist-of was consist-01, whose args were 1/2 but were flipped compared to this roleset..

Aliases:

have-group (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: members
ARG2-VSP: group

swarm

have-instrument

have-instrument.91 - reification of :instrument

For AMR, UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: same roleset, same usage.

Aliases:

have-instrument (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: entity
ARG2-MNR: instrument

Reified English sentence

        (e / eat-01
            :ARG0 (i / i)
            :ARG1 (s / soup
                :poss i)
            :ARG1-of (h / have-instrument-91
                :ARG2 (l / ladle)))

have-li

have-li.91 - reification of :li

For AMR annotations.

Aliases:

have-li (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-PPT: entity
ARG2-VSP: list-item

list item

. .

have-list-item

have-list-item.91 - reification of :list-item

For UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: For UMR, the roleset name has been expanded to have-list-item-91 to make it easier to identify.

Aliases:

have-list-item (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-PPT: entity
ARG2-VSP: list-item

list item

have-manner

have-manner.91 - reification of :manner

For AMR, UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: same roleset, same usage.

Aliases:

have-manner (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: event/entity
ARG2-MNR: manner

reified English sentence

        (s / solve-01
            :ARG1 (p / problem)
            :ARG1-of (h / have-manner-91
                :Arg2 (h2 / handshake-00)))

have-material

have-material.91 - reification of :material

For UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: The old AMR role :consist-of has been split with some of its coverage being funnelled into :group and some being funnelled into :material. Have-material-91 is a new roleset that preserves the argument structure of consist-01, which was used as a reification for :consist-of.

Aliases:

have-material (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: entity
ARG2-VSP: material

Minecraft inspired

have-medium

have-medium.91 - reification of :medium

For UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: AMR never made a reification for this role. If one had existed, it would have looked just like this.

Aliases:

have-medium (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: entity
ARG2-VSP: medium

French

have-mod

have-mod.91 - reification of :mod (and :domain, in AMR); nonprototypical clauses: property predication

For AMR, UMR annotations.
Comparison to AMR-2019: Same roleset used by AMR. As the reification of :mod, it has the same scope in UMR as in AMR: It is the catch-all role for arguments that don't seem to fit any of the other roles, including but not limited to determiners, adverbials, discourse markers, and other hard-to-categorize relations. (However, it is NOT used to represent as-yet undefined core-participant roles, for languages undergoing Stage 0 annotation; see note on have-other-role-91.) It is also used for property predication, when the property being predicated does not have its own roleset for the language being annotated; see example. (Note this would have been annotated with :domain in AMR.) Finally, note that “nonprototypical clause” refers to the same thing as “nonverbal clause” in the UMR guidelines.

Aliases:

have-mod (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-PPT: entity
ARG2-VSP: mod

shirt quirk

        (h / have-mod-91
            :ARG1 (s / shirt
                :poss (i / i))
            :ARG2 (q / quirky))

have-modal-strength

have-modal-strength.91 - reification of attribute :modal-strength

NOTES: added by Julia during :domain retrofits for UMR.

Aliases:

as_soon_as_possible (m.)
possible (j.)
possibility (n.)
possibly (r.)
potential (j.)
potential (n.)
have_potential (l.)
potentially (r.)
probable (j.)
probability (n.)
probably (r.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: event
ARG2-VSP: modal-strength value

have-modal-strength-91

But when it is a bad plant , one must as soon as , the very first instant that one recognizes it .

be_potential

The is there for .

nested modalities

Of course money is a problem for him so he drop out.

have-mode

have-mode.91 - reification of :mode

For AMR, UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: same roleset, same usage.

Aliases:

have-mode (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-PPT: entity
ARG2-VSP: mode

reification of 'Go!'

! [UMR: ]

        (h / have-mode-91
            :ARG1 (g / go-02)
            :ARG2 Imperative)

have-name

have-name.91 - reification of :name

For AMR, UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: same roleset, same usage.

Aliases:

have-name (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: entity
ARG2-VSP: name

to support a former name

The archaeologists visited ,

        (v / visit-01
            :ARG0 (a / archaeologist)
            :ARG1 (c / city :wiki "Istanbul" :name (n / name :op1 "Istanbul")
                :ARG1-of (h / have-name-91
                    :ARG2 (n2 / name :op1 "Constantinople")
                    :time (f / former))))

have-ord

have-ord.91 - reification of :ord and :range

For AMR, UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: AMR had a have-ord-91 roleset, but it did not include a numbered arg for :range, which was a sub-role under :ord. SpatialAMR also added :range-start and :range-trajectory sub-roles. All are included as numbered args now.

Aliases:

have-ord (m.)
have-ordinality (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: main entity
ARG2-VSP: ord
ARG3-SRC: range in which counting has meaning
ARG4-SRC: start of the range
ARG5-DIR: direction of counting within range

reification of :ord, :range; temporal usage

        (h / have-ord-91
            :ARG1 (v / visit-01
                :ARG0 (w / we))
            :ARG2 1
            :ARG3 (t / temporal-quantity
                :quant 10
                :unit (y / year)))

predication of ordinal

I do n't know whether was .

        (k / know-01 :polarity -
            :ARG0 (i / i)
            :ARG1 (t / truth-value
                :polarity-of (h / have-ord-91
                    :ARG1 (i2 / it)
                    :ARG2 1)))

reified English phrase, with range and trajectory; spatial

, .

        (h / have-ord-91
            :ARG1 (r / row)
            :ARG2 2
            :range (r2 / row
                :consist-of (b / block
                    :ARG1-of (y / yellow-01)))
            :source (b / bottom
                :part-of (s / structure)))

        (h / have-ord-91
            :ARG1 (r / row)
            :ARG2 2
            :ARG3 (r2 / row
                :plural +
                :configuration-of (b / block
                    :plural +
                    :color (y / yellow)))
            :ARG4 (t / thing
                :ARG1-of (b2 / bottom-03
                    :ARG2 (s / structure)
                    :ARG3 (c / cartesian-framework-91
                        :ARG1 (b3 / build-space)))))

have-org-role

have-org-role.91 - X is in organization Y as Z (AMR)

For AMR, UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: same roleset used by AMR.

Aliases:

have-org-role (m.)
have-organization-role (m.)
have-organizational-role (m.)
org-role (m.)
have-role (m.)

Roles:

ARG0-VSP: office holder
ARG1-VSP: organization
ARG2-VSP: title of office held
ARG3-VSP: description of responsibility

with organization

        (h / have-org-role-91
            :ARG0 (p / person :name (n / name :op1 "Ban" :op2 "Ki-moon"))
            :ARG1 (o / organization :name (n2 / name :op1 "United" :op2 "Nations"))
            :ARG2 (s / secretary
                :mod (g / general)))

without organization

        (h / have-org-role-91
            :ARG0 (p / person :name (n / name :op1 "Obama"))
            :ARG2 (p2 / president))

member

is a of .

        (h / have-org-role-91
            :ARG0 (c / country :name (n / name :op1 "Spain"))
            :ARG1 (m / military :name (n2 / name :op1 "NATO"))
            :ARG2 (m2 / member))

with :ARG3

, .

        (h / have-org-role-91
            :ARG0 (h2 / he)
            :ARG1 (s / school)
            :ARG2 (j / janitor)
            :ARG3 (a / and
                :op1 (c / clean-01
                    :ARG0 h2
                    :ARG1 (b / bathroom))
                :op2 (e / empty-01
                    :ARG0 h2
                    :ARG2 (t / trash))))

have-org-role

have-org-role.92 - X is in organization Y as Z (UMR-- note arg number changes)

For AMR, UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: Roleset args have been shifted up from 0/1/2/3 to 1/2/3/4. Roleset has been renamed with -92 suffix to distinguish version with new arg numbers.

Aliases:

have-org-role (m.)
have-organization-role (m.)
have-organizational-role (m.)
org-role (m.)
have-role (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: office holder
ARG2-VSP: organization
ARG3-VSP: title of office held
ARG4-VSP: description of responsibility

with organization

without organization

member

is a of .

with :ARG3

, .

have-other-role

have-other-role.91 - reification of :other-role

For UMR annotations.
This is the reification of :other-role, which is used for as-yet undefined core-participant arguments that don't seem to fit any of the other general participant roles from UMR’s inventory. This relation will typically only be used for languages undergoing Stage 0 annotation, where many of the events may not have rolesets yet and therefore the strategy is to use general roles like :actor, :undergoer, etc. If there is a core participant role that doesn’t fit one of these relations from UMR’s general participant role inventory, :other-role used. It is ONLY used for these core participant roles (and as a replacement for :cost); it is NOT used as a catch-all for other relations such as adverbs, discourse markers, etc. :mod is used for these, just like it was in AMR. Finally, note that “nonprototypical clause” refers to the same thing as “nonverbal clause” in the UMR guidelines.

Aliases:

have-other-role (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: event or entity
ARG2-VSP: other role

reified English sentnce, instead of cost-01

was .

have-part

have-part.91 - reification of :part

For AMR, UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: same roleset, same usage.

Aliases:

have-part (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: main entity
ARG2-VSP: part

part

is .

        (h / have-part-91 
            :ARG1 (c / campaign-01 
                :ARG0 (c2 / company :wiki "United_Parcel_Service" 
                    :name (n / name :op1 "UPS")) 
                :ARG1 (a2 / advertise-01 
                    :ARG1 (l / logistic)) 
                :ARG1-of (n2 / new-01)) 
            :ARG2 (i2 / it 
                :mod (a / all)))

prepositional

He repaired .

        (r / repair-01
            :ARG0 (h / he)
            :ARG1 (r2 / roof
                :ARG2-of (h2 / have-part-91
                    :ARG1 (h3 / house))))

have-path

have-path.91 - reification of :path

For UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: AMR never created a reification for :path. If it had, it would have looked just like this.

Aliases:

have-path (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: event/entity
ARG2-DIR: path

to grandmothers's house

have-location

have-location.91 -

For UMR annotations.

Aliases:

Roles:

have-place

have-place.91 - reification of :place, nonprototypical clauses: predicative location

For UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: In UMR, :place replaces :location as the general semantic role for locative phrases. UMR also includes a new roleset, have-location-91, for predicative expressions of location. Have-place-91 uses the same argument structure as be-located-at-91 did in AMR.

Aliases:

have-place (m.)
be (v.)

Roles:

ARG1-PPT: entity
ARG2-LOC: location

movie trialer; with reification and inverse

...

predicative location

have-polarity

have-polarity.91 - reification of :polarity

For AMR, UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: same roleset, same usage.

Aliases:

have-polarity (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: entity
ARG2-VSP: polarity (typical value: -)

elliptic occurrences of not

Will they bite ? , . [UMR: ]

        (h / have-polarity-91
            :ARG2 -
            :time (s / so-far))

reified English sentence

        (h / have-polarity-91
            :ARG2 -
            :time (s / so-far))

Spanish example of double negation for emphasis

No le dijo nada a nadie

        (d / decir-01 :polarity -
            :ARG0 (p / person
                :refer-person 3rd
                :refer-number Singular)
            :ARG1 (n / nada)
            :ARG2 (p2 / person
                :refer-person 3rd
                :refer-number Singular))

have-pure-addition

have-pure-addition.91 - reification of :pure-addition

For UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: new roleset, covers cases where two events form a complex figure, cannot occur separately from each other, but have no sequence specification. This covers some of what was covered by (a / and) in AMR. Use reification if the two events are split across sentences in a corpus.

Aliases:

have-pure-addition (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: first event
ARG2-VSP: second event

fragment, separated across sentence boundary

You have to . .

have-purpose

have-purpose.91 - reification of :purpose

For AMR, UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: same roleset, same usage.

Aliases:

have-purpose (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: event/entity
ARG2-VSP: purpose

to eliminate bugs

        (h / have-purpose-91
            :ARG1 (t / test-01
                :ARG0 (w / we)
                :ARG1 (p2 / program))
            :ARG2 (e / eliminate-01
                :ARG1 (b / bug)))

have-quant

have-quant.91 - reification of :quant, and quantifiable version of have-degree-91

For AMR, UMR annotations. Do not use this frame for simple quantities (e.g. We saw two horses and many cows.)
comparison to AMR-2019: same roleset, same usage.

Aliases:

have-quant (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-PPT: entity, thing being quantified
ARG2-ADV: numerical quantity or quantifier; how much/ how many
ARG3-EXT: degree mention modifying quantity, thing quantified (e.g. more, most, less, least, times, equal, enough, too, so, to-the-point, at-least)
ARG4-PPT: compared-to
ARG5-PRD: superlative, reference to superset
ARG6-PRD: consequence, result of quantity

with consequence; 'enough' is arg3

I had drinking last a week .

        (h / have-03 
            :ARG0 (i / i) 
            :ARG1 (w / water 
                :purpose (d / drink-01 
                    :ARG0 i) 
                :ARG1-of (h2 / have-quant-91 
                    :ARG3 (e / enough 
                        :mod (s / scarce)) 
                    :ARG6 (l / last-03 
                        :ARG1 w 
                        :ARG2 (t / temporal-quantity :quant 1 
                            :unit (w2 / week)) 
                        :ARG3 i))))

with consequence and polarity -

I had carry .

        (h / have-03
            :ARG0 (i / i)
            :ARG1 (w / water
                :ARG1-of (h2 / have-quant-91
                    :ARG2 (m /much)
                    :ARG3 (t / too)
                    :ARG6 (c / carry-01
                        :ARG0 i))))

'as many X as' example for quant

He sold his competitor . [UMR: ]

        (s / sell-01
            :ARG0 (h / he)
            :ARG1 (c / car
                :ARG1-of (h2 / have-quant-91
                    :ARG2 (m / many)
                    :ARG3 (e / equal)
                    :ARG4 (c2 / car
                        :ARG1-of (s2 / sell-01
                            :ARG0 (p2 / person
                                :ARG0-of (c3 / compete-01
                                    :ARG1 h)))))))

cars

He has anyone in the yacht club

        (h / have-03
            :ARG0 (h2 / he)
            :ARG1 (c / car
                :ARG1-of (h3 / have-quant-91
                    :ARG3 (m / most)
                    :ARG5 (a / anyone
                        :ARG0-of (h4 / have-org-role-91
                            :ARG1 (c2 / club
                                :mod (y / yacht)))))))

cats

He knew that his neighbor had adopted .

        (k / know-01
            :ARG0 (h / he)
            :ARG1 (a / adopt-01
                :ARG0 (p2 / person
                    :ARG0-of (h2 / have-rel-role-91
                        :ARG1 h
                        :ARG2 (n / neighbor)))
                :ARG1 (c / cat
                    :ARG0-of (h3 / have-quant-91
                        :ARG2 4
                        :ARG3 (m / more)))))

have-reason

have-reason.91 - reification of :reason

For UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: in UMR, what was previously covered by :cause has been split into :cause and :reason. Have-reason-91 is now the reification for :reason. Arg structure is 1/2 rather than the 0/1 used by the original cause-01.

Aliases:

have-reason (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: event
ARG2-CAU: reason

reified English sentence

have-recipient

have-recipient.91 - reification of :recipient

Aliases:

have-recipient (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: event
ARG2-GOL: recipient

Reified version of an English sentence

have-rel-role

have-rel-role.91 - A and B (of same type) are related, e.g. as family or friends (AMR)

For AMR annotations.

Aliases:

have-rel-role (m.)
have-relation-role (m.)
have-relational-role (m.)
rel-role (m.)
have-role (m.)

Roles:

ARG0-VSP: entity A
ARG1-VSP: entity B
ARG2-VSP: role of entity A (must be specified)
ARG3-VSP: role of entity B (often left unspecified)
ARG4-VSP: relationship basis (contract, case; rarely used)

family

        (p / person
            :ARG0-of (h / have-rel-role-91
                :ARG1 (h2 / he)
                :ARG2 (m / mother)))

family (both roles specified)

and are and

        (h / have-rel-role-91
            :ARG0 (p / person :name (n / name :op1 "John"))
            :ARG1 (p2 / person :name (n2 / name :op1 "Mary"))
            :ARG2 (h / husband)
            :ARG3 (w / wife))

friend

        (p / person :name (n / name :op1 "Michael")
            :ARG0-of (h / have-rel-role-91
                :ARG1 (i / i)
                :ARG2 (f / friend
                    :mod (o / old))))

lawyer (with ARG4)

is .

        (h / have-rel-role-91
            :ARG0 (s / she)
            :ARG1 (h / he)
            :ARG2 (l / lawyer)
            :ARG4 (s / sue-02
                :ARG2 (i / infringe-01
                    :ARG1 (p3 / patent-01))))

sister city

is a .

        (h / have-rel-role-91
            :ARG0 (c / city :name (n / name :op1 "Berlin"))
            :ARG1 (c2 / city :name (n2 / name :op1 "Los" :op2 "Angeles"))
            :ARG2 (c3 / city
                :mod (s / sister)))

sister cities

and are .

        (h / have-rel-role-91
            :ARG0 (c / city :name (n / name :op1 "Berlin"))
            :ARG1 (c2 / city :name (n2 / name :op1 "Los" :op2 "Angeles"))
            :ARG2 (c3 / city
                :mod (s / sister))
            :ARG3 (c4 / city
                :mod (s2 / sister)))

have-rel-role

have-rel-role.92 - A and B (of same type) are related, e.g. as family or friends (UMR version-- not arg number shift)

For AMR, UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: This roleset shifts the arg structure of have-rel-role-91 from 0/1/2/3/4 to 1/2/3/4/5. Because of this, the roleset ID numeric suffix has been changed for this version to -92. For UMR, the two sister-city examples moved into have-role-91, which is better for inanimates now.

Aliases:

have-rel-role (m.)
have-relation-role (m.)
have-relational-role (m.)
rel-role (m.)
have-role (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: entity A
ARG2-VSP: entity B
ARG3-VSP: role of entity A (must be specified)
ARG4-VSP: role of entity B (often left unspecified)
ARG5-VSP: relationship basis (contract, case; rarely used)

family

family (both roles specified)

and are and

friend

lawyer (with ARG4)

is .

have-role

have-role.91 - for nonprototypical clauses of object predication that don't fall under have-rel-role-92 or have-org-role-92

For UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: This is a new roleset. AMR used :domain or have-mod-91 for most of these.

Aliases:

have-role (m.)
be (v.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: first entity
ARG2-VSP: optional second entity
ARG3-VSP: object category for ARG1
ARG4-VSP: optional object category for ARG2

object predicational nonprototypical clause

have-source

have-source.91 - reification of :source

For UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: :source was a role in AMR. Some of what it covered stays under :source in UMR, and some moves into :start. The reification for the old :source role was be-from-91, which is now replaced with have-source-91 and have-start-91 in UMR. Argument structure preserved.

Aliases:

have-source (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: entity
ARG2-SRC: source

Reified English sentence

have-start

have-start.91 - reification of :start

Aliases:

have-start (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: event/entity
ARG2-VSP: start

reified English sentence

have-stimulus

have-stimulus.91 - reification of :stimulus

For UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: This is a new reification for a new role; neither existed in AMR, as these roles were included as numbered arguments in PropBank rolesets.

Aliases:

have-stimulus (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: event
ARG2-PPT: stimulus

reified version of an English sentence

have-subevent

have-subevent.91 - reification of :subevent

For AMR annotations.
Reification added to support AMR annotations.

Aliases:

have-subevent (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: main event
ARG2-VSP: subevent

soccer

the , Germany beat the Netherlands 2 - 1 .

       
        (b / beat-03 
            :ARG0 (c / country :wiki "Germany" :name (n / name :op1 "Germany")) 
            :ARG1 (c2 / country :wiki "Netherlands" :name (n2 / name :op1 "Netherlands")) 
            :ARG2 (f / final 
                :ARG2-of (h / have-subevent-91 
                    :ARG1 (g / game :wiki "FIFA_World_Cup" :name (n3 / name :op1 "World" :op2 "Cup") 
                        :mod (s / soccer) 
                        :time (d / date-entity 
                            :year 1974)))) 
            :quant (s2 / score-entity 
                :op1 2 
                :op2 1))

have-substitution-91

have-substitution.91 - A instead of B, reification of :substitute in UMR

For AMR, UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: new roleset, replaces include-91 and acts as reification for new role version, :substitute .

Aliases:

instead-of (m.)
instead (m.)
as-opposed-to (m.)
rather-than (m.)
not-x-but-y (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: this
ARG2-VSP: instead of that

instead of, in lieu of, in place of, rather than, as opposed to

instead of .

not A, but B

, .

have-subtraction

have-subtraction.91 - reification of :subtraction; discourse relation for cases where one event is characterized by the absence of a second event that is normally part of it

For UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: New role/roleset. AMR used except-01 for some of these cases.

Aliases:

except (p.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: main event
ARG2-VSP: event/entity that does not occur

reified English sentence

People do n't own tigers , except for Joe Exotic .

have-temporal

have-temporal.91 - reification of :temporal in UMR

For UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: be-temporally-at-91 is the same roleset used in AMR. It corresponded to :time in AMR, and corresponds to :temporal in UMR, which replaced :time everywhere except within (d / date-entity).

Aliases:

be-temporally-at (m.)
have-temporal (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: event
ARG2-TMP: temporal

on Saturday

is .

have-theme

have-theme.91 - reification of :theme

For UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: This is a new reification for a new role; neither existed in AMR, as these roles were included as numbered arguments in PropBank rolesets.

Aliases:

have-theme (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: event
ARG2-PPT: theme

Reified version of an English sentence

have-topic

have-topic.91 - reification of :topic

For UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: This replaces concern-02 as the reification for :topic in UMR. The argument structure is shifted from 0/1 to 1/2.

Aliases:

have-topic (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: entity/event
ARG2-VSP: topic

reified topic modifier

have-undergoer

have-undergoer.91 - reification of :undergoer

For UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: This is a new reification for a new role; neither existed in AMR, as these roles were included as numbered arguments in PropBank rolesets.

Aliases:

have-undergoer (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: event
ARG2-PPT: undergoer

Reified version of an English sentence

have-unit

have-unit.91 - reification of :unit

For UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: :unit didn't have a reification in AMR, and it was only used as a sub-role under X-quantity types. In UMR, :unit is used for ad-hoc mensural constructions, so the reification is more likely to be needed.

Aliases:

have-unit (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: event
ARG2-VSP: unit of measurement

no mensural head mentioned, unit in fragment

How many did you take ? A handful .

have-value

have-value.91 - reification of :value.

For AMR, UMR parsing.
comparison to AMR-2019: Same roleset, same usage.

Aliases:

have-value (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: entity
ARG2-VSP: value

reification of value

is .

        (h / have-value-91
            :ARG1 (p / phone-number-entity)
            :ARG2 "1-800-555-1223")

have-vocative

have-vocative.91 - reification of :vocative

For UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019:

Aliases:

have-vocative (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: proposition
ARG2-VSP: vocative

reified English sentence

, .

hyperlink

hyperlink.91 - for hyperlinks

For AMR, UMR parsing.
comparison to AMR-2019: same roleset, same usage. Roleset was taken from hyperlink-01, minus args0 and 2.

Aliases:

hyperlink (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-PPT: text being hyperlinked
ARG3-VSP: url-entity

Declaration of Independence hotlink

<a </a>

        (d / declare-01 
            :ARG2 (d2 / depend-01 :polarity -) 
            :ARG1-of (h / hyperlink-91 
                :ARG3 (u / url-entity :value "https://www.monticello.org/sites/default/files/uploaded-content-images/Declaration_Engrav_Pg1of1_doctored_0.jpg")))

identity

identity.91 - nonprototypical clauses: equation

For UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: This is a new roleset. AMR has a lemma-specific identical-01 roleset, but it is semantically not quite the same so the two should not be merged. AMR used :domain or have-mod-91 for these.

Aliases:

be (v.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: theme
ARG2-VSP: equated referent

equational object nonprototypical clause

equated referent

She works for , .

include

include.91 - For relative size of subset compared to superset

For AMR, UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: UMR only uses :subset in the document level annotation, so reification isn't possible in that context. However, this roleset is still useful when describing relative sizes between subsets/supersets.

Aliases:

include (v.)
of (p.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: subset
ARG2-VSP: superset
ARG3-VSP: relative size of the subset compared to superset

percentage

        (i / include-91 
            :ARG1 (p / person 
                :ARG1-of (d / die-01 
                    :ARG1-of (c2 / cause-01 
                        :ARG0 (d2 / disease :wiki "Lung_cancer" :name (n / name :op1 "lung" :op2 "cancer"))))) 
            :ARG2 (p2 / person 
                :ARG0-of (s2 / smoke-02)) 
            :ARG3 (p3 / percentage-entity :value 10))

26 of 44

are .

        (i / include-91 
            :ARG1 (c / country :quant 26 
                :ARG0-of (h / have-org-role-91 
                    :ARG1 (m3 / military :wiki "NATO" :name (n2 / name :op1 "NATO")) 
                    :ARG2 (m2 / member))) 
            :ARG2 (c2 / country :quant 44 
                :location (c3 / continent :wiki "Europe" :name (n / name :op1 "Europe"))))

infer

infer.91 - for presentation of inferences

For UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: Roleset is a renamed copy of infer.01, which was used lemma-specifically and for implicit inference in AMR. Some inferences (like 'I think, therefore I am') that were covered with this roleset in AMR are now covered with :reason/have-reason-91 in UMR. This roleset is still to be used in dialogues where one speaker says something and the other speaker presents an inference based on that information.

Aliases:

infer (v.)

Roles:

ARG0-PAG: entity inferring something
ARG1-PPT: inference
ARG2-DIR: source of inference

inference in dialogue

, .

instead-of

instead-of.91 - A instead of B

For AMR annotations.

Aliases:

instead-of (m.)
instead (m.)
as-opposed-to (m.)
rather-than (m.)
not-x-but-y (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: this
ARG2-VSP: instead of that

instead of, in lieu of, in place of, rather than, as opposed to

instead of .

        (r / ride-01 
            :ARG0 (p / person :wiki - 
                :name (n / name :op1 "Tim")) 
            :ARG1 (b / bike) 
            :time (e / early 
                :op1 (d / date-entity 
                    :dayperiod (m / morning))) 
            :ARG1-of (i / instead-of-91 
                :ARG2 (s / sleep-00 
                    :ARG0 p)))

not A, but B

, .

        (d / disappoint-01 
            :ARG1 (i / i) 
            :ARG1-of (i2 / instead-of-91 
                :ARG2 (a / angry 
                    :domain i)))

mean

mean.91 - for cases where an element signifies a meaning

For UMR annotation
comparison to AMR-2019: mean-01 was used both lemma-specifically and for symbols like '*' and '=', as well as for implicit cases. UMR will use this roleset for the latter types. This may be revisited later.

Aliases:

mean (v.)
* (s.)
= (s.)

Roles:

ARG0-PAG: agent
ARG1-MNR: element containing meaning
ARG2-PPT: meaning
ARG3-GOL: perceiver, beneficiary

typing correction usage

misspeaking correction

sorry

speaker is explaining shorthand used previously

proverb

proverb.91 - for fixed/semi-fixed expressions that are allegorical or convey wisdom

For UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: no such roleset existed.

Aliases:

proverb (n.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: proverb
ARG2-VSP: 2nd part of a two-part allegorical exp. Gives a focused interpretation of ARG1

standard proverb

The mountains are high and the emperor is far away .

standard proverb

山高皇帝远

publication

publication.91 - for publication information, citations

For UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: same usage, added roles for publisher and url.

Aliases:

publication (m.)

Roles:

ARG0-VSP: author(s)
ARG1-VSP: title
ARG2-VSP: abstract
ARG3-VSP: full text
ARG4-VSP: venue (journal, conference)
ARG5-VSP: volume
ARG6-VSP: issue
ARG7-VSP: pages
ARG8-VSP: id (e.g. PubMed)
ARG9-VSP: editor(s)
ARG10-VSP: publisher
ARG11-VSP: url

Special Relativity

: ( ) , ( ) :

        (p / publication-91  
            :ARG0 (p2 / person :wiki "Albert_Einstein" 
                :name (n / name :op1 "Albert" :op2 "Einstein")) 
            :ARG1 (p3 / publication :wiki "Annus_Mirabilis_papers#Special_relativity" 
                :name (n2 / name :op1 "Zur" :op2 "Elektrodynamik" :op3 "bewegter" :op4 "Körper")) 
            :ARG4 (j / journal :wiki "Annalen_der_Physik" 
                :name (n3 / name :op1 "Annalen" :op2 "der" :op3 "Physik")) 
            :ARG5 322 
            :ARG6 10
            :ARG7 (v / value-interval 
                :op1 891 
                :op2 921) 
            :time (d / date-entity 
                :year 1905) 
            :medium (l / language :wiki "German_language" 
                :name (n4 / name :op1 "German")))

range

range.91 - not a reification of :range-- this is for instances not involved in ordinals

For UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: Some languages use have-range-91 for instances like this in AMR, but the :range role was created as a subrole under :ord, and so its reification is also part of have-ord-91 in UMR. This roleset provides a home for ranges outside of ordinals.

Aliases:

from (p.)

Roles:

ARG1-SRC: start of the range
ARG2-GOL: end of the range

translation from Chinese corpus

Ahasuerus ascended the throne in Shush and ruled over 127 provinces .

rate-entity

rate-entity.91 - for frequencies

For UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: same roleset, same usage.

Aliases:

rate-entity (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: quantity (with an implied default of 1)
ARG2-VSP: per quantity
ARG3-VSP: regular interval between events
ARG4-VSP: entity on which recurring event happens

with :ARG1 and :ARG2 (temporal)

        (e / event
            :frequency (r / rate-entity-91
                :ARG1 2
                :ARG2 (y / year :quant 1)))

with :ARG1 and :ARG2 (price per volume)

        (r / rate-entity-91
            :ARG1 (m / monetary-quantity
                :quant 3
                :unit (d / dollar))
            :ARG2 (v / volume-quantity
                :quant 1
                :unit (g / gallon)))

with :ARG3

        (e / event
            :frequency (r / rate-entity-91
                :ARG3 (t / temporal-quantity
                    :quant 2
                    :unit (w / week))))

with both :ARG3 and :ARG4

        (e / event
            :frequency (r / rate-entity-91 
                :ARG3 (t / temporal-quantity 
                    :quant 2 
                    :unit (w / week)) 
                :ARG4 (d / date-entity 
                    :weekday (w2 / wednesday))))

full set of args

        (e / event
            :frequency (r / rate-entity-91 
                :ARG1 (m / monetary-quantity 
                    :quant 2 
                    :unit (d / dollar)) 
                :ARG2 (p / person
                    :quant 1) 
                :ARG3 (d2 / distance-quantity 
                    :quant 5 
                    :unit (m2 / mile)) 
                :ARG4 (s / snow-01)))

regardless

regardless.91 - without consideration of or in spite of

For AMR annotations. Use Concessive-Conditional in UMR.

Aliases:

regardless (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: main event
ARG2-VSP: irrelevant thing

regardless

        (p / play-01 
            :ARG1 (m / match) 
            :ARG1-of (r / regardless-91 
                :ARG2 (w / weather)))

no matter whether

        (p / play-01 
            :ARG1 (m / match) 
            :ARG1-of (r / regardless-91 
                :ARG2 (o / or 
                    :op1 (r2 / rain-01) 
                    :op2 (s / shine-01 
                        :ARG1 (s2 / sun)))))

rain or shine

        (p / play-01 
            :ARG1 (m / match) 
            :ARG1-of (r / regardless-91 
                :ARG2 (o / or 
                    :op1 (r2 / rain-01) 
                    :op2 (s / shine-01))))

without regard

        (t / treat-01 
            :ARG1 (p / person 
                :ARG1-of (e / employ-01) 
                :mod (a / all)) 
            :manner (e2 / equal-01) 
            :ARG1-of (r / regardless-91 
                :ARG2 (o / or 
                    :op1 (r2 / race) 
                    :op2 (g / gender) 
                    :op3 (o2 / originate-01 
                          :ARG2 (n / nation)) 
                    :op4 (c / color) 
                    :op5 (e3 / ethnic-group) 
                    :op6 (r3 / religion) 
                    :op7 (d / disability) 
                    :op8 (o3 / orient-01 
                        :ARG3 (s / sex)))))

request-confirmation

request-confirmation.91 - for tag questions, or rephrasing received instructions in order to request confirmation of understanding

For AMR annotations.

Aliases:

request-confirmation (m.)
tag-question (m.)
isn't (m.)
aren't (m.)
won't (m.)
right (r.)
eh (m.)

Roles:

ARG0-PAG: entity requesting confirmation
ARG1-PPT: thing to be confirmed
ARG2-GOL: entity requestion is being made to

tag question: isn't _ ?

            (h / hunger-01 
                :ARG0 (h2 / he) 
                :ARG1-of (r / request-confirmation-91))

tag question: will X ?

            (c / come-01 :mode imperative 
                :ARG1 (y / you) 
                :ARG4 (h / here) 
                :ARG1-of (r / request-confirmation-91))

tag question: right

must be Jack ,

            (i / infer-01 
                :ARG1 (p / person :wiki -  :name (n / name :op1 "Jack") 
                    :domain (y / you) 
                    :ARG1-of (r / request-confirmation-91)))

requesting confirmation with intonation/question mark

        (h / have-color-91
            :ARG1 (o / one)
            :ARG2 (g / green)
            :ARG1-of (r / request-confirmation-91))

request-response

request-response.91 - for requests for response

For AMR annotations.

Aliases:

request-response (m.)
well (r.)
so (r.)

Roles:

ARG0-PAG: entity requesting response
ARG1-PPT: thing to be responded to
ARG2-GOL: entity requestion is being made to

well?

        (r / request-response-91)

resemble

resemble.91 - be like

For UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: This roleset is the same as resemble-01 except for the name change to resemble-91; AMR used resemble-01 for similarity constructions (e.g., 'A is like B'). This will take the place of resemble-01 in UMR for these situations. UMR will not use have-degree-of-resemblance-91, but will use a combo of have-degree-91 and resemble-91. ARG3 has been added to capture "A is like B in terms of feature C"

Aliases:

like (j.)

Roles:

ARG1-PPT: resembler
ARG2-PPT: resemble what
ARG3-DOM: aspect in which :ARG1 and :ARG2 are similar

very typical

is .

say

say.91 - for vocatives and unattributed speech in dialogues

For UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: say-01 in AMR has ARG3, which is specific to the English verb so is dropped here. say-01 will still be used in English AMR for lemma-specific instances.

Aliases:

Roles:

ARG0-PAG: sayer
ARG1-PPT: utterance
ARG2-GOL: hearer

English: vocative. (Note this UMR example does not include aspect annotation.)

The dog has been found , Penelope !

English: ONLY to be annotated with say-91, as shown, if it occurs in a dialogue. (Note this UMR example does not include aspect annotation.)

The dog has been found !

score-on-scale

score-on-scale.91 - for score ranges

For AMR, UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: ARG4 added during UMR framing. AMR users can choose whether or not to use it for future annotation. Using :scale in AMR was also questionable, since it was only included as a sub-role under the quantity concepts.

Aliases:

score-on-scale (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: score
ARG2-VSP: worst score on scale
ARG3-VSP: best score on scale
ARG4-VSP: name of scale

French scale

Jacques scored a / in math .

        (s / score-01 
            :ARG1 (p / person :wiki - :name (n / name :op1 "Jacques")) 
            :ARG2 (s2 / score-on-scale-91 
                :ARG1 18 
                :ARG3 20) 
            :ARG3 (m / mathematics))

on a scale of 1-10 with all args

On a scale of to , do you agree with X ?

        (f / feel-01 
          :ARG0 (y / you) 
          :ARG1 (p / pain 
              :quant (s / score-on-scale-91 
                  :ARG1 (a / amr-unknown) 
                  :ARG2 1 
                  :ARG3 10)))

letter grades, with arg 4

John received a on the Amrican five - letter grade scale , - .

        (r / receive-01
            :ARG0 (p / person :name (n / name :op1 "John"))
            :ARG1 (s / score-on-scale-91
                :ARG1 "B"
                :ARG2 "F"
                :ARG3 "A"
                :scale (s2 / scale
                    :mod (c / country :name (n2 / name :op1 "America"))
                    :mod (l / letter
                        :quant 5))))

statistical-test

statistical-test.91 - for p-values

For AMR, UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: same roleset, same usage.

Aliases:

statistical-test (n.)
p-value (n.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: finding
ARG2-VSP: p-value (probability of null-hypothesis)
ARG3-VSP: r-squared (coefficient of determination)
ARG4-VSP: significance test (e.g. t-test, Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test)
ARG5-VSP: alternative hypothesis (vs. ...)

(p < 0.05)

( .

        (i / increase-01 
              :ARG1 (e / express-03 
                    :ARG2 (p / protein)) 
              :ARG2 (t / times :quant 10) 
              :ARG1-of (s / statistical-test-91 
                    :ARG2 (l / less-than :op1 0.05)))

correlation

( = , = ) .

        (c / correlate-01 
            :ARG1 (e / enzyme :wiki "C-Raf" :name (n / name :op1 "Raf-1")) 
            :ARG2 (e2 / enzyme :wiki "Mitogen-activated_protein_kinase" :name (n2 / name :op1 "MAPK") 
                :location (n3 / nucleus) 
                :ARG1-of (a / activate-01)) 
            :ARG1-of (s / statistical-test-91 
                :ARG2 0.0022 
                :ARG3 0.1525) 
            :mod (a2 / also))

street-address

street-address.91 - for street address information

For UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: same roleset, same usage

Aliases:

street-address (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: street number
ARG2-VSP: street
ARG3-VSP: unit (apartment, suite, etc.)
ARG4-VSP: city
ARG5-VSP: state, province, district
ARG6-VSP: zip code
ARG7-VSP: country

White House address

, ,

        (s / street-address-91 
            :ARG1 1600  
            :ARG2 (r / road :wiki "Pennsylvania_Avenue" :name (n / name :op1 "Pennsylvania" :op2 "Ave")) 
            :ARG4 (c / city :wiki "Washington,_D.C." :name (n2 / name :op1 "Washington")) 
            :ARG5 (d / district :wiki "Washington,_D.C." :name (n3 / name :op1 "DC"))
            :ARG6 20006)

unexpected-co-occurrence

unexpected-co-occurrence.91 - discourse relation between events where the second event is unexpected if the first occurs

For UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019: This is a new roleset. These were handled with contrast-01 or :concession in AMR.

Aliases:

unexpected-co-occurrence (m.)
but (c.)

Roles:

ARG1-VSP: first event
ARG2-VSP: second event (unexpected)

unexpected co-ocurrence

weather

weather.91 - for environmental conditions

For UMR annotations.
comparison to AMR-2019:

Aliases:

weather (m.)

Roles:

ARG1-LOC: location
ARG2-VSP: environmental condition