Commentary: SUFFERING[+state][+physical][+malady][+painful]
NOTE: implies physical hurt of an individual
Examples:
John experienced a lot of suffering after his tooth was extracted.
This ointment helps reduce the suffering from the inflammation.
Shingles caused Bob's grandfather great suffering.
The patient was treated for suffering from frostbite.
Mappings:
PropBank: NM
WordNet 3.0 Sense Numbers: 1
Commentary: SUFFERING[+state][+circumstance][+hardship]
NOTE: implies ongoing or widespread situation of hardship
Examples:
The suffering of the Iraqi people has been enormous.
Their company is experiencing some pain and suffering through this economic downturn.
The book described the sufferings of the lives of the saints.
Mappings:
PropBank: suffering.01
WordNet 3.0 Sense Numbers: 2
Commentary: SUFFERING[+state][+emotional][+unhappiness]
NOTE: implies an unhappy emotional state of an individual
NOTE: need -not- imply a physical ailment or pain (Sense 1)
Examples:
The constant ridicule at school caused the boy a lot of suffering.
His suffering knew no bounds at the death of his wife.
Mary's suffering over her bad haircut seemed a bit excessive to Sally.
Mappings:
PropBank: suffering.01
WordNet 3.0 Sense Numbers: 3, 4