raise-v; 10 Senses

Sense Number 1: (cause to) increase

Commentary:
NOTE: be careful to distinguish this from sense 7, wherein something is being IMPROVED rather than increased. Try paraphrasing both verbs if you are unsure, and see which seems to better capture the semantics. If "increase" is better, then it's sense 1. If "improve" is better, then it's sense 7.

Examples:
The cartel raised the price of oil last week.
Meditation may raise your awareness of being alive.
The dough rose to twice its original size in three hours.
They raised the sales tax 1% from 8% to 9%.

Mappings:
VerbNet: caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2
FrameNet: Cause_change_of_position_on_a_scale
PropBank: raise.01
WordNet 3.0 Sense Numbers: 1, 13, 15

Sense Number 2: lift, elevate, orient upwards

Commentary: Includes: RAISE UP

Examples:
I raised my skirts to step over the mud puddle.
Raise the flag high!
Slowly, she raised her eyes up towards the tiny window near the ceiling.
You need to raise your e's more.
See how the artist has raised the edges of figures here?
Will you help us raise the new barn this weekend?
They have raised him to the rank of Colonel.
They raised their voices to the heavens.

Mappings:
VerbNet: crane-40.3.2,put_direction-9.4
FrameNet: Building
PropBank: raise.01
WordNet 3.0 Sense Numbers: 2, 3, 8, 9, 20, 24
WordNet Verb Particle Constructions, Multiword Expressions:
raise_up 1

Sense Number 3: invoke, elicit

Commentary:
NOTE: includes idiomatic expressions; "raise" in this sense should be paraphrasable with "create."

Examples:
The specter of famine has been raised.
I couldn't so much as raise a smile out of him.
China's development of nuclear capabilities raised concerns.
He is raising a ruckus over that parking ticket.
The king raised an army of ten thousand.

Mappings:
VerbNet: engender-27
FrameNet: Causation
PropBank: raise.01
WordNet 3.0 Sense Numbers: 7, 10, 18, 21

Sense Number 4: collect

Examples:
They need to raise money to finance the war.

Mappings:
VerbNet: earn-54.6
FrameNet: NM
PropBank: raise.02
WordNet 3.0 Sense Numbers: 4

Sense Number 5: cultivate, nurture

Examples:
They raised corn and hogs where I grew up.
She is basically raising her sister's kids.
The crops you could raise on this land wouldn't pay enough to raise a family of four.

Mappings:
VerbNet: rear-26.2.2
FrameNet: Growing_food
PropBank: raise.03
WordNet 3.0 Sense Numbers: 5, 6

Sense Number 6: establish long-distance communication with

Examples:
They managed to raise Hanoi last night on the shortwave radio.

Mappings:
VerbNet: NM
FrameNet: NM
PropBank: NM
WordNet 3.0 Sense Numbers: 22

Sense Number 7: advance, better, improve

Examples:
She has worked hard to raise the teaching standards at her school.
The sunshine and singing birds raised his spirits.
He's raising my spirits.

Mappings:
VerbNet: remedy-45.7
FrameNet: NM
PropBank: raise.01
WordNet 3.0 Sense Numbers: 12, 14, 25

Sense Number 8: lift a ban; end

Examples:
They decided to raise the sanctions against that country.

Mappings:
VerbNet: stop-55.4
FrameNet: NM
PropBank: NM
WordNet 3.0 Sense Numbers: 26

Sense Number 9: Cards: bet more than the previous player; bid one's partner's suit

Examples:
I'll see your ten and raise you twenty.
With this hand, he won't raise hearts.

Mappings:
VerbNet: NM
FrameNet: NM
PropBank: NM
WordNet 3.0 Sense Numbers: 16, 17

Sense Number 10: Math: multiply a number by itself a certain number of times

Examples:
Ten raised to the 100th power is a large number.

Mappings:
VerbNet: NM
FrameNet: NM
PropBank: NM
WordNet 3.0 Sense Numbers: 23